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Religious
Fundamentalism
and Violence
Kirk Straughen (Investigator
#229, 2026 July)
Hatred and violence
can be inspired by certain kinds of religious
beliefs. No doubt, there are many other factors involved that can lead
believers to want to harm others who do not share their ideology.
However, one common mindset seems to be a factor in religiously
motivated violence, regardless of the creed involved, and that mindset
is fundamentalism, which can be defined as:
… a
rigid kind of certainty in the possession of the "one truth" and
the "one way" to live. It typically relies on a literal interpretation
of a sacred text and an absolute reliance on that text. Other sources
of knowing what’s true or other ways of determining what’s valuable are
rejected — such as when science or a different group offers an
alternative perspective — in favor of what's unquestioningly accepted
within the group. (1)
Not every
fundamentalist will engage in acts of violence. Most do not.
However, this mindset can push its adherents in this direction due to
the following inherent aspects:
The idea that one
group and one group only has a monopoly on divine
truth causes its adherents to divide the world into believers and
unbelievers. Regrettably, this attitude can lead the believer to
develop a sense of superiority (only they possess the truth) and regard
those with different views as inferior due to their assumed ignorance.
Believing that only they possess the truth, fundamentalists can engage
in zealous proselytization. However, when individuals deny their claims
to truth and decline to be converted, this can lead to fundamentalists
developing aggressive attitudes toward them.
This aggression is
probably a defensive reaction. Rejection of
the fundamentalist’s beliefs cannot be considered by the fundamentalist
as an indication that they might be mistaken. For the fundamentalist,
certainty is everything. Doubt cannot be tolerated, as it threatens
their ideology, which often forms an integral part of their sense
of identity. Therefore, the person rejecting the
belief is often seen as either evil, sinful, or rebellious, or as all
of these things. This rationalization of the rejection can lead
fundamentalists to see those who disagree with them as less than their
equals, to the point of dehumanizing them, which increases the
likelihood of prejudice and violence directed toward the unbeliever. In
addition to this, there is also the problem of paranoia:
The
fundamentalist mind operates from a perpetual state of siege.
Convinced that their truth is under constant attack, fundamentalists
develop what can be described as a “fortress mentality” – a paranoid
outlook where enemies are perceived everywhere, and every disagreement
is interpreted as a coordinated assault on their beliefs.
This paranoia is often self-reinforcing. When fundamentalists encounter criticism or opposition, they don’t see it as legitimate dissent but as confirmation of the conspiracy against them. This creates a vicious cycle where increased paranoia leads to more aggressive defensive behavior, which in turn generates more opposition, further validating their paranoid worldview. (2) As a result of this
paranoia, fundamentalist groups are often insular.
Consequently, members of these groups can become trapped in an echo
chamber, losing contact with the wider community and a more balanced
perspective. No divergent views exist within the group to challenge the
orthodox position. As a result, conditions arise conducive to the
development of stronger stereotypes and prejudices, which in turn
increase the risk of extremism and violence.
In addition, the group's teachings can also be conducive to hatred and violence. For example, if a passage in a sacred text is interpreted as condoning violence, and this violence is sanctioned by God, the highest moral authority, then the likelihood of violence being perpetrated increases, as demonstrated by psychological experiments: To
the extent that religious extremists engage in prolonged, selective
reading of the scriptures, focusing on violent
retribution toward unbelievers instead of instead of
the overall message of acceptance and understanding, one might expect
to see increased brutality. Such an outcome is
certainly consistent
with our results: People who believe that God sanctions violence
are more likely than others to behave aggressively themselves. (3)
The
idea of divine retribution is part of fundamentalist ideology. Violence
is particularly likely if the unbeliever is portrayed as an enemy of
God, and the true believer is convinced that they have a moral duty to
punish the godless or whatever other term is assigned to those with
different worldviews.
An example of religiously motivated violence is the Wieambilla shootings that occurred in Queensland, Australia, on December 12, 2022: The
shooting deaths of six people, including two Queensland police
officers, at a rural property two months ago was Australia's first
domestic terror attack inspired by "Christian extremist ideology,"
police said.
Constables Matthew Arnold and Rachel McCrow were shot dead by Nathaniel, Gareth and Stacey Train after the officers arrived at their Wieambilla property, more than 300km west of Brisbane, on December 12. Alan Dare was also fatally shot after going to check on the commotion, with the Trains killed in a gunfight with specialist police later that night. Deputy Police Commissioner Tracy Linford said police don't believe the shootings were random or spontaneous but rather a deliberate and premeditated act of terror inspired by extremist Christian beliefs. "Nathaniel Gareth and Stacey Train acted as an autonomous cell and executed a religiously motivated terrorist attack," she told reporters on Thursday. "What we've been able to glean from that information is that the Train family members subscribe to what we'll call a broad Christian fundamentalist belief system known as premillennialism." Premillennialists hold an apocalyptic belief that the world will go through a period of calamities before the second coming of Jesus Christ. (4) Fundamentalist
beliefs often arise within the context of faith communities. Therefore,
it is important for the leaders of these communities to also play
a role in countering extremist narratives through the following
initiatives:
1.
Promoting Tolerance: Religi-ous leaders can teach their followers
about the importance of tolerance and understanding toward different
beliefs and cultures. By promoting dialogue and respect
between different
groups, they can counter the divisive nature of fundamentalist ideologies. 2. Encouraging Critical Thinking: Religious institutions can emphasize critical thinking and interpretation of religious texts. By encouraging followers to think for themselves and question rigid interpretations, they can help prevent the spread of fundamentalist ideologies that often rely on literal readings of texts. 3. Fostering Peacebuilding: Religious leaders can actively engage in peacebuilding efforts by promoting reconciliation and conflict resolution. By advocating for peaceful solutions to disputes and promoting dialogue between conflicting groups, they can counter the divisive and confrontational nature of fundamentalist ideologies. 4. Providing Support and Guidance: Religious institutions can offer support and guidance to individuals who may be vulnerable to extremist ideologies. By providing a sense of community and belonging, they can offer an alternative to the isolation and radicalization often associated with fundamentalist groups. 5. Advocating for Social Justice: Religious leaders can advocate for social justice issues and address the root causes of extremism, such as inequality and discrimination. By addressing these underlying issues, they can help prevent the spread of fundamentalist ideologies that often thrive on feelings of marginalization and injustice. (5) If the aforementioned
steps are taken, then there is at least the possibility of reducing the
danger that this ideology poses.
References
Why Religious Fundamentalism Can Inspire Hatred https://www.psychologytoday.com/au/blog/the-pursuit-of-peace/202211/ why-religious- fundamentalism-can-inspire-hatred?msockid= 2fbade59ad0465e819fcc8b9acc964b7 Inside the Fundamentalist Mind: Characteristics and Motivations https://polsci.institute/political-theory/fundamentalist-mind-characteristics-motivations/ When God Sanctions Killing https://psychology.ua.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/When-God-Sanctions-Killing.pdf Queensland police shooting declared a religiously motivated terrorist attack following investigation. https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/queensland-police-shooting-declared-a-religiously- motivated-terrorist-attack-following-investigation/tljrdu05m Countering Fundamentalist Ideologies: The Role of Religion https://www.geniushigh.com/sociology-essay/countering-fundamentalist-ideologies%3A-the-role- of-religions ATHEISTIC
FUNDAMENTALISM and VIOLENCE
Anonymous (Investigator 231, 2026 November) Introduction
Almost everything
Straughen says about religion in Religious Fundamentalism and
Violence (#229, July 2026) is true of atheism. Indeed atheism is
often regarded as a religion. In religion the gods may be idols of
wood, metal or stone, but in atheism the idols are higher ranking or
higher educated atheists.
Here I quote from Straughen's introduction, with "religious" changed to "atheist" and "fundamentalism" to "atheist-fundamentalism": Hatred
and violence can be inspired by certain kinds of atheist beliefs… that
mindset is atheist-fundamentalism, which can be defined as:
… a rigid kind of certainty in the possession of the "one truth" and the "one way" to live. It typically relies on a literal interpretation of a sacred text and an absolute reliance on that text. Readers can perform
similar transformations on Straughen's whole article and see that he
has done little more than provide quotes that support his prejudice. An
example of "relies on a literal interpretation of a sacred text" is
Lysenkoism which by replacing genetics science with ideology increased
poverty and famine in Russia.
Readers can check
Lysenkoism with Google Search. I'll instead consider atheistic violence
and crime.
A Bit
of History
Atheism's inflexible
intolerance, rejection of science, and despising of biblical ethics has
produced multitudes of violent, murderous brutes.
Collectivization in Ukraine in the 1930s, for example, led to mass starvation. Note, before going on, that Communism is not identical to atheism. Atheism was, however, the official ideology of Communist regimes, the majority of those in power professing atheism. Robert Conquest (1986), in his chapter The Death Roll, provides "conservative estimates" of deaths from traumas inflicted by Communist leadership in the Soviet Union. For example from 1930 to 1937:
Peasant
dead
11 million
Arrested and died in camps 3.5 million He classifies
these 14.5 million dead into deaths from:
Dekulakization
6.5 millionKazakh catastrophe 1 million 1932-1933 famine 7 million There was also WWII.
The Nazi Germany versus the Soviet Union part of WWII can be regarded
as two atheist regimes in a fight for domination. The Soviet Union had
27 million dead, half of these civilians; Germany about 8 million dead,
half of these civilians. Remember, the Nazis were not Christians,
merely repeated some Christian words to appear moral and tolerant. The
Nazi agenda eliminated political, cultural, religious and ethical
opposition first within Germany and intended, after defeating Russia
and the West, to destroy Christianity and the Japanese Empire,
resulting in a Nazified planet.
A foretaste of the future intended for Christian belief and people everywhere is seen in Poland: "What Hitler had specified at the beginning of the occupation of Poland was that the clergy and intelligentsia were to be killed, that the standard of living of the remaining Poles was to be kept as low as possible while the people were still alive..." (Weinberg 2005, p. 33) Next, consider China. Callick (2013) reported on China's "laogai" or labour camps, which in 2013 still numbered up to 1000 with 3 – 5 million detainees: These
camps, often in remote locations, established under Mao's enthusiastic
direction in 1951 ... to deal with counter revolutionaries and
criminals, have inherited a 1956 slogan, "Reform first, production
second" — although this principle appears to have frequently been
ignored in practice, with camps focused on output...
Death rates in the camps reached 10 per cent annually from 1959 to 1962. Overall, millions have died during their incarceration there. In 1958 Mao Zedong
(Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party) announced the Great Leap
Forward (1958-1960) to speed up the development of heavy industry and
boost China's agricultural production, but it turned out disastrous.
People who resisted were killed but more died from famine. Frank
Dikotter (2010) estimated 45 million deaths from violence and famine.
2.5 million were tortured to death or executed. Agricultural practices
were unscientific and water control projects lacked professional
engineers. The collapse of 60 poorly constructed dams in Henan province
after a 1975 typhoon killed up to 240,000 people.
In May 1966 Premier Zhou Enlai announced the start of the "Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution". Major leaders and officials including Mao presided over a massive rally in Tiananmen Square in August where the Red Guards, mainly students, made their appearance. They vandalized libraries, shops, historical sites, museums and religious buildings and beat up and killed large numbers of Chinese especially targeting those thought to have had exposure to Western education and influence. The Red Guards divided into factions that fought and killed each other and within a year all China verged on anarchy. The Red Guards were abolished in July 1968 and 20 million sent to work in rural areas but the turmoil continued until Mao's death in 1976. Paul Monk (2016) in a review of The Cultural Revolution (Dikotter, 2016) writes: "after
taking power in 1949, Mao and his party perpetrated a political terror
in which millions of "bad elements" were arrested and executed;
millions more were sent to a system of forced labour and "re-education"
camps ; then forced collectivization and irrational economic policies
killed 45 million in a few short years. Yet the party's response was to
double down on repression and "socialist re-education", in which
millions were abused, tortured and coerced, in mass campaigns led
by Liu and Deng — the supposed pragmatists and "moderates" within the
party. Then, suspecting these very men were "capitalist roaders", Mao
unleashed his Cultural Revolution to hunt down "monsters and demons".
Atheism
— Faulty "Knowledge" and Delusion
Straughen finished
his criticism with a five-point list of how leaders of "faith
communities" can counter "extremist narratives". All five however agree
with the Bible and are part of Christian ethics, although often ignored.
Atheist government-policies confirm the biblical observation that: "one person exercises authority over another to the other's hurt." (Ecclesiastes 8:9) Atheists, and all humans, have a perverted sense of being morally and ethically infallible, which is a mental defect described as the "knowledge of good and evil". (Genesis 3:5) This defect greatly adds to human suffering when people try to force their personal variation of infallibility-in-ethics onto others. "God" permits this situation until the consequences irresistibly prove that everyone was deluded and only God was right. Most of the
lawbreakers reported in newspapers — such as thieves, rapists, child
abusers, drug traffickers, violent thugs, murderers, kidnappers,
perjurers, etc — are either atheists, or atheists as judged by their
godless conduct.
The Bible teaches and predicted that many people will profess Christian belief but are fakes, and this teaching is obviously true. The corresponding claim that atheist criminals are all fake atheists, i.e. pretend atheists, is however manifestly false. Atheism itself
stimulates every sort of evil due to its comforting implication that
criminal scumbags who successfully stay unidentified are winners in
life, forever safe from retribution. The Bible in contrast teaches that
every deed ever done and every word ever spoken is on record and will
be judged. (Matthew 12:36-37; Revelation 20:13) Nothing will stay
unidentified forever; no data is permanently lost; and every evil deed
by everyone who never repented will be exposed and punished.
The doctrine of
inescapable punishment is consistent with the scientific theory that
information cannot be destroyed, only scrambled or dispersed, and
therefore recoverable by as yet unknown future technology — or by God.
(Investigator #225) This belief invites self-monitoring so as to be a
godly example to others. It's a restraint that atheists lack and the
lack steers many atheists, especially when in positions of power, to
become critics of God and/or law-breaking brutes.
You can confirm their lack of restraint by viewing crime documentaries on TV; consulting psychological research on how being observed changes behavior; and reading history books such as Female Guards of Nazi Brutality (2026) and The Cultural Revolution (2016). Conclusion
Of course for people
to become truly good requires more than belief in unavoidable future
punishment. But that's another topic.
REFERENCES:
Anonymous, Resurrection of the Dead, Investigator #225, November 2025) Callick, R. Gulag abolition a litmus test for Chinese leaders, The Weekend Australian, March 16-17, 2013, p. 12 Dam collapse: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1975_Banqiao_Dam_failure# Conquest, R. 1986 The Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivization and the Terror-Famine, Arrow Books Dikotter, F. 2010 Mao's Great Famine: The History of China's Most Devastating Catastrophe, Bloomsbury _________ 2016 The Cultural Revolution: A People's History 1962-1976, Bloomsbury Koster, N. 2026 Female Guards Of Nazi Brutality, Big Sky Publishing Monk, P. China's past evils laid bare, The Weekend Australian, April 23, 2016, pp 22-23 Weinberg, G. L. 2005 Visions of Victory, Cambridge University Press Religion,
the Supernatural and the Paranormal discussed and debated on this
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